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OnAsylum

Middle East

Israel

A wealthy, developed country, but its asylum system for non-Jewish asylum seekers (mainly Eritrean and Sudanese nationals) has one of the lowest recognition rates in the developed world, under 1% historically — a fundamentally different, and much harder, situation than most of Europe or North America.

At a glance, for someone deciding whether to come here

Not tourist facts — the things that actually shape daily life while your case is pending and after it's decided.

Right to workConditional release visa holders can generally work informally, though without full labor protections.
Cost of living High High, especially Tel Aviv; concentrated asylum-seeker communities are mainly in specific lower-cost neighborhoods.
Healthcare while pendingVery limited formal access for most asylum seekers; NGO-run clinics fill much of the gap.
LanguageHebrew — a genuinely difficult, unrelated language; Arabic and English are also in use.
Family reunificationNot a realistic formal pathway for most non-Jewish asylum seekers given the extremely low recognition rate.
After you're granted statusNo realistic path to permanent status for most — this has been, in practice, one of the most difficult and precarious situations on this entire list.
ClimateMediterranean coast, hot and dry inland and south.
Existing communityEstablished Eritrean and Sudanese communities, mainly in south Tel Aviv, under continued policy pressure.
Recognition rate Under 1% For non-Jewish asylum seekers, mainly Eritrean and Sudanese nationals — compare with recognition rates for the same nationalities elsewhere: around 82% for Eritreans and 68% for Sudanese in several other developed countries. Most people from these groups are protected from deportation through group non-removal policy or court rulings, not formal refugee recognition. Source ↗
Starter content, pending expert review. This page describes general, publicly known information about how this country's asylum system works. It is not legal advice and may be out of date — policies change often. Last drafted 2026-09-04.

How you could qualify to enter this system

  • In-land asylum application to the Population and Immigration Authority

How the process generally works

Applicants register and are interviewed as part of the review process. In practice, most Eritrean and Sudanese nationals are instead issued a temporary 'conditional release' visa under a group non-deportation policy rather than being formally recognized as refugees — this protects against deportation but is not refugee status and carries limited rights.

Step by step

  1. Register

    With the Population and Immigration Authority.

  2. Interview

    As part of the formal review — though in practice, most Eritrean and Sudanese applicants are instead issued a temporary conditional-release visa under group policy rather than being individually recognized.

  3. Outcome

    For most: renewable conditional-release status, not refugee recognition. Individual recognition remains rare.

What you'll typically need

  • Passport or ID if available
  • Evidence supporting the claim

Support available while your case is decided

  • Hotline for Refugees and Migrants, ASSAF, and other independent organizations provide legal and practical support

Important distinction: Israel's Law of Return provides a separate, unrelated immigration pathway specifically for people with Jewish heritage — that is not an asylum or refugee process, and doesn't apply to most people considering this page. For the general asylum system, be aware recognition rates for non-Jewish asylum seekers have been under 1%, among the lowest anywhere on this list, with a documented history of detention and pressure to leave for some populations.

Common pitfalls

  • Confusing conditional-release status with refugee recognition — it protects against deportation but carries far fewer rights, and isn't the same legal status.
  • Confusing the Law of Return with the asylum system — the Law of Return is a separate immigration pathway specifically for people with Jewish heritage and has nothing to do with asylum eligibility.
  • Assuming your case file is inactive or safe from review — the Population and Immigration Authority has been reopening older, previously untouched case files to reconsider and reject them.
Sources checked for this page